Jews haven’t historically been recognized as white. You can read about the Holocaust to learn more about how Jews were viewed as a different race. https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/project-result-content/3a1f33a0-e094-45fd-a7f0-0d5fe29f8d5e/STAGES%20OF%20THE%20HOLOCAUST.pdf

Here is another quote:
“In the early 20th century, as the US industrialized, immigration increased, and Nazism spread from Europe, many Americans became nativist and tried to exclude newer immigrants—who were often poorer than those of the 19th century—from being considered white. Jews began to be called non-white, and many even started calling Jews black.”
(rpl.hds.Harvard.edu).

It is true that many Jewish people with light skin pass as white in places like the US. However, did you know that many Jewish people around the world have brown and black skin? There are Jewish people from Ethiopia, Yemen, Morocco, Iraq, Iran, Syria… just to name a few. Historically Jewish people have been considered marginalized groups. They have been victims of pogroms, attacks, genocide and other forms of antisemitism. There are many antisemitic tropes that suggest that all Jewish people are wealthy and control x,y,z somehow implying that because of those tropes Jewish people cannot be a marginalized group. This is a part of hateful and harmful rhetoric.